綠色低碳轉型！中電聯發布《中國電力行業年度發展報告2023》
發布時間：2023-07-10 作者：本站編輯瀏覽次數：
7月7日(ri)，中(zhong)(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)企業(ye)聯合會（以(yi)下(xia)簡稱“中(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯”）發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)《中(zhong)(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)年(nian)度發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)報告(gao)(gao)2023》（以(yi)下(xia)簡稱“《報告(gao)(gao)2023》”），向全(quan)社(she)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)2022年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)基本(ben)數據，這是中(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯連(lian)續(xu)第17年(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)年(nian)度發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)報告(gao)(gao)。《報告(gao)(gao)2023》以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)統(tong)計(ji)與(yu)調查數據為(wei)依據，結合企業(ye)和相(xiang)關(guan)機構提(ti)供的珍(zhen)貴資料(liao)，全(quan)面、客(ke)觀、準確反映中(zhong)(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)改革現(xian)狀。
《報告2023》共14章(zhang)，重(zhong)點反映(ying)了2022年電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)消(xiao)費與(yu)(yu)需求側管(guan)理、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)生產與(yu)(yu)供需、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)投資與(yu)(yu)建設(she)、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)場建設(she)、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)新業態、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安全與(yu)(yu)可(ke)靠性、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)(yu)經營、國際電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)(yu)合作及電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)標準化、科技(ji)與(yu)(yu)數字化等情況，并展(zhan)(zhan)望了2023年及中長期電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
2022年(nian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)堅持以習近平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)國(guo)特色(se)社會主義(yi)思想為指(zhi)導，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)貫(guan)徹(che)黨(dang)(dang)的二十(shi)大(da)精神(shen)，認(ren)真落實(shi)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央、國(guo)務院決策部署，深(shen)入貫(guan)徹(che)能(neng)(neng)源安全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)戰略，積(ji)極穩(wen)妥推(tui)進(jin)碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和，推(tui)動構建(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統，助力(li)(li)(li)規劃建(jian)(jian)設新(xin)(xin)型能(neng)(neng)源體系(xi)，積(ji)極參與應(ying)對氣候變(bian)化全(quan)(quan)球治理，協同作戰、攻堅克難，全(quan)(quan)力(li)(li)(li)保供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、促轉(zhuan)型、強創新(xin)(xin)、謀改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，與時(shi)俱(ju)進(jin)推(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)高質量發展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)實(shi)踐。綜合(he)施策確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供應(ying)安全(quan)(quan)，堅持政企協同聯動、源網荷儲協同發力(li)(li)(li)，有效(xiao)緩解了(le)(le)迎峰(feng)(feng)度(du)(du)夏和迎峰(feng)(feng)度(du)(du)冬期間部分地區供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張(zhang)局面(mian)(mian)，守牢(lao)(lao)了(le)(le)民生用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全(quan)(quan)底線。牢(lao)(lao)牢(lao)(lao)把握碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)任(ren)務，深(shen)入推(tui)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)轉(zhuan)型，終端(duan)用能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化水平(ping)不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)，推(tui)動煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源優化組合(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)投資加(jia)快(kuai)釋放，一(yi)批(pi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)項目(mu)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)投運，推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)源生產(chan)和消費(fei)方式深(shen)刻變(bian)革(ge)(ge)。發揮(hui)創新(xin)(xin)驅動效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)，加(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)科技自立(li)自強，在海上風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)(xin)型儲能(neng)(neng)、特高壓輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)領域創造了(le)(le)一(yi)批(pi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)科技創新(xin)(xin)成(cheng)果，推(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)產(chan)業(ye)鏈供應(ying)鏈現(xian)代化水平(ping)不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。堅持市(shi)(shi)場化改(gai)革(ge)(ge)總方向，建(jian)(jian)設統一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)(shi)場體系(xi)取得(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要進(jin)展(zhan)，市(shi)(shi)場交易(yi)(yi)規模(mo)加(jia)速(su)擴大(da)，綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交易(yi)(yi)需求穩(wen)步增(zeng)長，推(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)體制改(gai)革(ge)(ge)走(zou)深(shen)走(zou)實(shi)。積(ji)極開創電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)國(guo)際(ji)合(he)作新(xin)(xin)局面(mian)(mian)，加(jia)強與“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”國(guo)家(jia)綠色(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)合(he)作，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)境外投資低碳(tan)(tan)化態勢清晰顯(xian)現(xian)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)多個(ge)高端(duan)合(he)作交流平(ping)臺，推(tui)動我國(guo)在國(guo)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)舞臺的影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消費方面，2022年(nian)，全國全社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)86369億千瓦時(shi)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長3.6%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速比上年(nian)回落6.7個百分點；全國人(ren)均用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)6116千瓦時(shi)/人(ren)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)217千瓦時(shi)/人(ren)。根據國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)調度控制(zhi)中心統計，全國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網統調最高用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷12.9億千瓦，比上年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長6.3%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速比上年(nian)回落1.6個百分點，最大(da)負(fu)(fu)荷增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速高于(yu)全社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)產供應方面，截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)全(quan)(quan)口(kou)徑發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量256733萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)8.0%，增(zeng)速比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提升0.2個百(bai)分點。其(qi)中(zhong)，并(bing)網(wang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)36564萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)11.2%；并(bing)網(wang)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)39268萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)28.1%，新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)勢強(qiang)勁。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)全(quan)(quan)口(kou)徑發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量86939億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.6%。其(qi)中(zhong)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)50792億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，占全(quan)(quan)口(kou)徑發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)58.4%，煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發揮了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供應基礎保障作用。初步統計，截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)(fu)及以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)回(hui)路(lu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度88萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)米，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.6%；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)(fu)及以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)公用變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備容量51億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)(fu)安，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.4%；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)跨(kua)區輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)達(da)到18815萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)9.3%。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)跨(kua)區送電(dian)(dian)(dian)量完(wan)成7674億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)7.3%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)不斷增(zeng)強(qiang)。
在電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需方面(mian)，2022年2月(yue)(yue)，少數省份在部分(fen)用電(dian)高峰(feng)(feng)時段電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需平(ping)衡偏(pian)緊；7、8月(yue)(yue)，全(quan)國有21個(ge)省級電(dian)網用電(dian)負荷(he)創新高，電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)形(xing)勢嚴峻，全(quan)國日(ri)最大錯避(bi)峰(feng)(feng)負荷(he)超過5000萬千(qian)瓦；12月(yue)(yue)，少數省份電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)需形(xing)勢較為緊張。國家(jia)高度(du)(du)重視(shi)并出臺一(yi)系(xi)列能(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)措(cuo)施(shi)，電(dian)力(li)(li)行業全(quan)面(mian)深入貫徹黨中央、國務院(yuan)能(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)要求，堅持政企協同(tong)聯動、源(yuan)網荷(he)儲協同(tong)發力(li)(li)，通過提(ti)升機(ji)組頂峰(feng)(feng)發電(dian)能(neng)力(li)(li)、加強省間(jian)(jian)余缺互濟(ji)、實施(shi)負荷(he)側管理等(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)，有效緩解迎峰(feng)(feng)度(du)(du)夏和迎峰(feng)(feng)度(du)(du)冬(dong)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)部分(fen)地區供(gong)(gong)電(dian)緊張局面(mian)，守牢民生(sheng)用電(dian)安全(quan)底線，為經濟(ji)社會發展和人民美好(hao)生(sheng)活提(ti)供(gong)(gong)堅強電(dian)力(li)(li)保障。
在電(dian)力投(tou)資(zi)與建(jian)設方(fang)面(mian)，2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)主要電(dian)力企業(ye)合計完(wan)成(cheng)投(tou)資(zi)12470億(yi)(yi)元，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)15.6%。全國(guo)電(dian)源工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設完(wan)成(cheng)投(tou)資(zi)7464億(yi)(yi)元，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)27.2%。全國(guo)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設完(wan)成(cheng)投(tou)資(zi)5006億(yi)(yi)元，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.8%。電(dian)源投(tou)資(zi)加(jia)(jia)速釋放，電(dian)網(wang)(wang)投(tou)資(zi)維持較高(gao)水(shui)平。2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量20298萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)13.3%。風電(dian)和太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)合計新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)繼續(xu)突破1億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，占全部新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重62.5%。其中(zhong)，太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)8821萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)61.7%，創歷(li)史新(xin)高(gao)，分布式(shi)光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量5111萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，占光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量的60%左(zuo)右，集中(zhong)式(shi)與分布式(shi)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)并舉(ju)。2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)交(jiao)流110千(qian)(qian)伏及以上輸電(dian)線(xian)路長(chang)(chang)度60170千(qian)(qian)米，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)15.7%，新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)變電(dian)設備容(rong)量35320萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)伏安，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)4.9%，華中(zhong)特(te)高(gao)壓網(wang)(wang)架加(jia)(jia)快構建(jian)，川渝(yu)特(te)高(gao)壓交(jiao)流工(gong)程(cheng)開(kai)工(gong)建(jian)設，適應城鄉負荷增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)和新(xin)能源快速發(fa)(fa)展的220千(qian)(qian)伏及以下電(dian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設持續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)，電(dian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設布局(ju)持續(xu)優化。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)綠色低(di)碳(tan)轉型方面，截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)全(quan)(quan)口(kou)徑非化石(shi)能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)127548萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長14.0%，增(zeng)速比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)升0.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)，非化石(shi)能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總(zong)裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)49.7%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高2.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)非化石(shi)能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)31443億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長8.6%，占(zhan)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)36.2%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高1.7個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)6000千(qian)瓦(wa)及以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標準煤(mei)耗(hao)300.7克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)1.0克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)6000千(qian)瓦(wa)及以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)廠(chang)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)4.49%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)加0.13個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)線損率(lv)4.82%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)0.43個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)能效指(zhi)標持續向好(hao)。截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)達(da)到(dao)超低(di)排(pai)放(fang)限值的煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組約10.5億千(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總(zong)裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)約94%。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)單(dan)位火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)二氧(yang)(yang)化碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約824克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)21.4%；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)單(dan)位發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)二氧(yang)(yang)化碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約541克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)36.9%。截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)權交易市場（發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)行業）碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)配額(e)（CEA）累計成(cheng)(cheng)交量(liang)(liang)(liang)2.30億噸(dun)(dun)，累計成(cheng)(cheng)交額(e)超過(guo)(guo)104.75億元。其中，2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)合(he)計成(cheng)(cheng)交量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.51億噸(dun)(dun)，合(he)計成(cheng)(cheng)交額(e)超過(guo)(guo)28.1億元，綜合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)交均價55.30元/噸(dun)(dun)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)碳(tan)減(jian)排(pai)取得(de)顯著成(cheng)(cheng)效，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)碳(tan)市場建設扎(zha)實推進(jin)。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設方面，2022年(nian)，經過持續深化電(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設，已基(ji)本建(jian)成了“統一(yi)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、協同運作”的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)基(ji)本架構(gou)，形成了銜接(jie)省間、省內，覆蓋全國范圍、全類型(xing)周期、不同交易(yi)品種的市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)體(ti)系，全國統一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)體(ti)系建(jian)設取得(de)重(zhong)要(yao)進展(zhan)。2022年(nian)，全國各(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力交易(yi)中(zhong)心累計(ji)組織完成市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)交易(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量52543億千瓦時，比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)增長39.0%，占(zhan)全社會用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的60.8%，比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)提高(gao)15.4個百分點，市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)化程度進一(yi)步提高(gao)。
根據《報告2023》預計，2023年(nian)全(quan)社會用電量(liang)增(zeng)速(su)在6%左右(you)，全(quan)年(nian)全(quan)國(guo)電力供需總體緊(jin)平衡，部分(fen)區域部分(fen)時段電力供需偏緊(jin)。
為(wei)深入、系統、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)地(di)展示(shi)電(dian)力行業(ye)(ye)(ye)各專業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)發展情況，中電(dian)聯還(huan)同時組織編撰(zhuan)了電(dian)力供需分析、國(guo)際合作、電(dian)力工(gong)程建設質量、標準(zhun)化(hua)、可(ke)靠性、人才、造價(jia)管理(li)、電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)、數字化(hua)等(deng)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)的系列專業(ye)(ye)(ye)報告，構建了完善的1+N年度發展報告體系。
2022年(nian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)堅(jian)(jian)持以習近平新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)(se)社會主(zhu)義思想為指導，全面(mian)(mian)(mian)貫徹(che)黨的(de)(de)二十大精(jing)神(shen)，認真落(luo)實(shi)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院決策部署，深入(ru)貫徹(che)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全新(xin)(xin)戰略(lve)，積極(ji)穩妥推(tui)進碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)構(gou)建(jian)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)，助(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)規劃建(jian)設(she)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系(xi)，積極(ji)參與(yu)應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)全球治理，協同(tong)作戰、攻堅(jian)(jian)克難(nan)，全力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、促轉型(xing)、強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、謀改(gai)革(ge)，與(yu)時俱進推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質量發展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)實(shi)踐(jian)。綜合(he)(he)施策確(que)保(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)應(ying)安全，堅(jian)(jian)持政企協同(tong)聯動(dong)(dong)、源(yuan)(yuan)網荷(he)儲協同(tong)發力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，有(you)效緩解了(le)迎(ying)(ying)峰度夏和迎(ying)(ying)峰度冬期間部分(fen)地區供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張局(ju)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，守(shou)牢了(le)民生用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全底線。牢牢把握碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和重大任務，深入(ru)推(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)轉型(xing)，終端用(yong)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平不斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)組合(he)(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)投資加(jia)快(kuai)釋放，一(yi)批(pi)重大項目建(jian)成投運，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產(chan)和消費方(fang)(fang)式深刻變(bian)革(ge)。發揮(hui)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)效能(neng)(neng)，加(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)科(ke)技自立(li)自強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，在(zai)海上風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)、特(te)高(gao)壓輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等領域創(chuang)(chuang)造了(le)一(yi)批(pi)重大科(ke)技創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)成果，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈供(gong)應(ying)鏈現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平不斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升。堅(jian)(jian)持市場化(hua)(hua)(hua)改(gai)革(ge)總方(fang)(fang)向，建(jian)設(she)統(tong)一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)市場體(ti)系(xi)取得重要進展(zhan)，市場交易規模加(jia)速擴(kuo)大，綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交易需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)穩步增長(chang)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)走深走實(shi)。積極(ji)開創(chuang)(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)國(guo)(guo)際合(he)(he)作新(xin)(xin)局(ju)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)與(yu)“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”國(guo)(guo)家(jia)綠色(se)(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)合(he)(he)作，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)境外投資低碳(tan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)態勢清晰(xi)顯現，建(jian)立(li)多(duo)個(ge)高(gao)端合(he)(he)作交流(liu)平臺，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)舞臺的(de)(de)影響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)不斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升。2022年(nian)恰逢中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)140周(zhou)年(nian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)弘揚“忠誠擔當、求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)實(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、追求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)卓越(yue)、奉獻光明(ming)”的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)精(jing)神(shen)，努力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)走出一(yi)條具有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)(se)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發展(zhan)之路，以強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)大的(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量引(yin)領行業(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)質量發展(zhan)，為全面(mian)(mian)(mian)建(jian)設(she)社會主(zhu)義現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)提(ti)供(gong)堅(jian)(jian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)障。全(quan)社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增長3.6%，最大負荷增速高于全(quan)社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)增速。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)全(quan)社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)86369億千(qian)瓦時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長3.6%，增(zeng)速比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)回落6.7個百分點(dian)；全(quan)國(guo)人均用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)6116千(qian)瓦時(shi)/人，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)加217千(qian)瓦時(shi)/人。根據(ju)國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)力(li)調度(du)控制中心統計，全(quan)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網統調最高(gao)用電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)12.9億千(qian)瓦，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長6.3%，增(zeng)速比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)回落1.6個百分點(dian)。第(di)二產業保(bao)持用電(dian)主體地位，用電(dian)結構持續優化。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，第一產業(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量1147億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)1.3%，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高(gao)0.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點；第二產業(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量56991億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)66.0%，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低1.5個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點；第三(san)產業(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量14862億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)17.2%，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高(gao)0.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點；城鄉(xiang)居民生活用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量13369億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時(shi)，占(zhan)全社會用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)15.5%，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高(gao)1.3個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點。電(dian)能(neng)替代穩步有序推進。2022年，各地(di)區統籌電氣化發展與(yu)電力(li)供應(ying)保障，匹配(pei)新增用(yong)電需求與(yu)電力(li)供應(ying)能力(li)，安排各類(lei)電能替代項目建設時序，全年完成替代電量684.3億(yi)千瓦時，替代電量占用(yong)電增量比重22.7%。發電(dian)(dian)裝機容(rong)量同比增長8.0%，新能(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)增勢(shi)強(qiang)勁。截至2022年(nian)底，全國全口徑發(fa)(fa)電(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量256733萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)8.0%，增速比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)提(ti)升0.2個(ge)百分點。其中，水電(dian)41406萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)5.9%（抽水蓄能(neng)4579萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)25.8%）；火電(dian)133320萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.8%（煤電(dian)112435萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)1.3%；氣電(dian)11565萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)6.2%）；核(he)電(dian)5553萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.3%；并網(wang)風(feng)電(dian)36564萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)11.2%；并網(wang)太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)39268萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)28.1%。發(fa)電(dian)量平(ping)穩增長，煤電(dian)發(fa)揮了電(dian)力供應基礎保(bao)障作用(yong)，新(xin)能源成(cheng)為我國新(xin)增發(fa)電(dian)量的主體。2022年(nian)，全(quan)國全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)86939億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長3.6%。其(qi)中,水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)13517億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長0.9%，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)15.5%；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)57337億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長1.2%，煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)58.4%；核電(dian)(dian)(dian)4178億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長2.5%，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)4.8%；并網(wang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)7624億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，受海上(shang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)長較(jiao)快(kuai)的(de)影響，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長16.3%，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)8.8%；并網(wang)太陽能發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4276億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長30.8%，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)4.9%。電網輸配電能力不斷(duan)增強。初(chu)步統計，截至2022年(nian)底，全國(guo)電(dian)網220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及以上(shang)輸電(dian)線路回路長度88萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)米，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長2.6%；全國(guo)電(dian)網220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及以上(shang)公(gong)用變電(dian)設備容量51億千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏安，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長3.4%；全國(guo)跨區(qu)輸電(dian)能(neng)力達到18815萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長9.3%。2022年(nian)，全國(guo)跨區(qu)送電(dian)量完(wan)成7674億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長7.3%。全國(guo)電力供(gong)(gong)需總體緊平衡，綜合施策確(que)保電力供(gong)(gong)應安全。2022年(nian)2月，少數省份在部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)時段(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)平衡(heng)(heng)偏緊；7、8月，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)21個省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)創新高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢嚴峻(jun)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)日最大(da)錯(cuo)避峰(feng)(feng)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)超(chao)過5000萬千瓦；12月，少數省份電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢較(jiao)為緊張(zhang)。分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)看(kan)，華(hua)北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)總(zong)體(ti)平衡(heng)(heng)；東(dong)北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)總(zong)體(ti)平衡(heng)(heng)有(you)(you)余；華(hua)東(dong)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢緊張(zhang)，浙(zhe)江(jiang)、江(jiang)蘇、安(an)徽、上海部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)時段(duan)(duan)采(cai)取負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)；華(hua)中(zhong)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢緊張(zhang)，四(si)川、重慶、湖北(bei)、湖南(nan)、河南(nan)、江(jiang)西部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)時段(duan)(duan)采(cai)取負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，其中(zhong)四(si)川供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢尤為嚴峻(jun)；西北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)總(zong)體(ti)平衡(heng)(heng)；南(nan)方區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)和冬(dong)季(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)勢緊張(zhang)，廣(guang)東(dong)、廣(guang)西、云南(nan)、貴州(zhou)在夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)啟動多輪次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)需(xu)求響應(ying)，貴州(zhou)、云南(nan)在冬(dong)季(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)時段(duan)(duan)采(cai)取負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。國(guo)(guo)家高(gao)度(du)重視并出臺一系列能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行業全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)深入貫徹(che)黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務院能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)求，堅持政企協同聯動、源網荷(he)儲協同發(fa)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，通過提(ti)升機(ji)組頂峰(feng)(feng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、加強省間余缺互濟、實施(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)側(ce)管理(li)等措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)效(xiao)緩解迎(ying)峰(feng)(feng)度(du)夏(xia)(xia)和迎(ying)峰(feng)(feng)度(du)冬(dong)期間部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)地區(qu)(qu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張(zhang)局面(mian)，守牢民生(sheng)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)底(di)線(xian)，為經濟社會發(fa)展和人民美好(hao)生(sheng)活提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)堅強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保障。電(dian)(dian)源投資加速釋放，電(dian)(dian)網投資維持(chi)較高(gao)水平。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要電(dian)(dian)力企業(ye)合(he)計完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資12470億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)15.6%。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)源工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資7464億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)27.2%。其中，水電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資872億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降25.7%，白鶴灘水電(dian)(dian)站全(quan)部機組(zu)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)產發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、金沙江(jiang)下(xia)游水電(dian)(dian)基(ji)地全(quan)面建(jian)成，拉(la)高(gao)了(le)去年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同期對比(bi)(bi)(bi)基(ji)數，導(dao)致水電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資下(xia)降；火(huo)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資895億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)26.4%；核電(dian)(dian)785億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)45.7%；風電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資2011億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降22.3%，中央財政補貼取(qu)消帶動海上(shang)(shang)風電(dian)(dian)逐(zhu)步轉(zhuan)向市場化競配(pei)、平價上(shang)(shang)網的(de)新發(fa)展階段，短期內對產業(ye)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資產生抑制作用，導(dao)致風電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資下(xia)降；太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資2865億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)232.7%。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)網工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資5006億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.8%。其中，直流工程(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資316億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降17.0%；交(jiao)流工程(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資4505億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.7%，占電(dian)(dian)網總(zong)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資的(de)90.0%。新(xin)能源(yuan)集中(zhong)式(shi)與分布式(shi)開發并(bing)舉(ju)。2022年(nian)，全國新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量20298萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長13.3%。其(qi)中(zhong)風電(dian)(dian)和太陽(yang)能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)合計新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)繼續突破(po)1億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，占全部新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重62.5%。分電(dian)(dian)源類型看，水電(dian)(dian)2371萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)（抽水蓄能880萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)），比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長1.0%；火電(dian)(dian)4568萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)（煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)2920萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)649萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)），比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)7.5%；核電(dian)(dian)228萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)32.9%；風電(dian)(dian)3861萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)19.0%，新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)風電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)以集中(zhong)式風電(dian)(dian)為絕對主體，主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)風資源條件(jian)良好的華北、西(xi)北和東南沿海地區(qu)；太陽(yang)能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)8821萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長61.7%，創歷(li)史新(xin)(xin)高，其(qi)中(zhong)分布(bu)式光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量5111萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，占光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量的60%左右(you)，新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)戶(hu)用光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)主要(yao)分布(bu)在(zai)農村地區(qu)。電網(wang)建(jian)設(she)布局持續優化。2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)新(xin)增(zeng)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)110千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及以上(shang)輸電(dian)線路(lu)長度60170千(qian)(qian)米，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長15.7%，新(xin)增(zeng)變電(dian)設備容(rong)量35320萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)安，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長4.9%，華中特高(gao)壓網架加(jia)快構建，川渝特高(gao)壓交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)程開工(gong)(gong)建設，適(shi)應城鄉負荷(he)增(zeng)長和(he)新(xin)能源快速發展的(de)220千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及以下電(dian)網建設持續推進；全國(guo)新(xin)投產直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)線路(lu)2223千(qian)(qian)米，新(xin)投產換流(liu)(liu)容(rong)量1800萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦，分(fen)別(bie)比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降21.7%和(he)43.8%，建成白(bai)(bai)鶴(he)灘-江(jiang)蘇(su)、白(bai)(bai)鶴(he)灘-浙(zhe)江(jiang)特高(gao)壓直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)工(gong)(gong)程。電源(yuan)結構優化調整步伐(fa)加快。截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)國全(quan)口徑(jing)非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源發電(dian)裝機容量(liang)(liang)127548萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)14.0%，增速比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)升0.6個(ge)百分點(dian)，非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源發電(dian)占發電(dian)總(zong)裝機容量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)49.7%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高2.6個(ge)百分點(dian)；煤電(dian)占發電(dian)總(zong)裝機容量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)43.8%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低(di)2.9個(ge)百分點(dian)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源發電(dian)量(liang)(liang)31443億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)8.6%，占總(zong)發電(dian)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)36.2%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高1.7個(ge)百分點(dian)；煤電(dian)占總(zong)發電(dian)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低(di)1.6個(ge)百分點(dian)。電力(li)能效指標持續向好，污染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)控(kong)制水平(ping)進一步(bu)提(ti)升。2022年，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)6000千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)及(ji)以(yi)上火電廠(chang)供電標(biao)準煤耗300.7克/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年降(jiang)低(di)1.0克/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)6000千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)及(ji)以(yi)上電廠(chang)廠(chang)用電率4.49%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年增加0.13個(ge)百分點(dian)(dian)；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)線損(sun)率4.82%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年降(jiang)低(di)0.43個(ge)百分點(dian)(dian)。截(jie)至(zhi)2022年底(di)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)達到超(chao)低(di)排放限值的(de)煤電機組(zu)約10.5億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，占(zhan)煤電總裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重約94%。2022年，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)電力煙(yan)塵、二氧化硫(liu)、氮(dan)氧化物排放量(liang)分別(bie)約9.9萬(wan)、47.6萬(wan)、76.2萬(wan)噸，分別(bie)比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年降(jiang)低(di)19.4%、13.0%、11.6%；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)單位火電發電量(liang)煙(yan)塵、二氧化硫(liu)、氮(dan)氧化物排放量(liang)分別(bie)約為17毫克/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)、83毫克/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)、133毫克/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)。電力碳減(jian)排取得顯著成效，全國碳市場建設扎(zha)實推進。2022年(nian)，全國單(dan)(dan)位火電(dian)發電(dian)量二氧化碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)約824克(ke)/千瓦時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低21.4%；全國單(dan)(dan)位發電(dian)量二氧化碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)約541克(ke)/千瓦時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低36.9%。以2005年(nian)為(wei)基(ji)準(zhun)年(nian)，從2006年(nian)到2022年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)行(xing)業累(lei)(lei)計減(jian)(jian)少二氧化碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)量約247.3億(yi)噸(dun)。其(qi)中，非(fei)化石能源發展、降(jiang)(jiang)低供電(dian)煤耗、降(jiang)(jiang)低線損率減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)貢(gong)獻率分(fen)別達到57.3%、40.5%、2.2%。截(jie)至2022年(nian)底，全國碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)權(quan)交易市場(chang)（發電(dian)行(xing)業）碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)配(pei)額(e)(e)（CEA）累(lei)(lei)計成(cheng)(cheng)交量2.30億(yi)噸(dun)，累(lei)(lei)計成(cheng)(cheng)交額(e)(e)超(chao)過104.75億(yi)元(yuan)。其(qi)中，2022年(nian)合計成(cheng)(cheng)交量0.51億(yi)噸(dun)，合計成(cheng)(cheng)交額(e)(e)超(chao)過28.1億(yi)元(yuan)，綜合成(cheng)(cheng)交均價(jia)55.30元(yuan)/噸(dun)。電力新業態蓬勃發展。新(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)發(fa)展(zhan)在政策體系(xi)構(gou)建、技術裝備研發(fa)、示范項目建設(she)、商(shang)業(ye)模(mo)式探(tan)索等領域持續推進(jin)，截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底(di)，全國電(dian)(dian)力(li)安全生產委(wei)員(yuan)會19家企(qi)業(ye)成員(yuan)單位累(lei)計投運(yun)電(dian)(dian)化學儲能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)站472座(zuo)、總(zong)(zong)功率689萬千(qian)瓦、總(zong)(zong)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)1405萬千(qian)瓦時、比上年(nian)增長126.8%。電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)與充(chong)電(dian)(dian)基礎設(she)施(shi)進(jin)入規模(mo)化發(fa)展(zhan)、商(shang)業(ye)化應用階段，純電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)保(bao)有(you)(you)量(liang)突(tu)破1000萬輛，截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底(di)，全國充(chong)電(dian)(dian)基礎設(she)施(shi)保(bao)有(you)(you)量(liang)521萬臺、達到2021年(nian)的近兩倍。多能(neng)(neng)供應、能(neng)(neng)效提升、增值服(fu)務(wu)等綜(zong)合能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)務(wu)融(rong)合發(fa)展(zhan)態勢持續向好，涌(yong)現出能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)托(tuo)管、區域能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)運(yun)營等新(xin)商(shang)業(ye)模(mo)式。六、電(dian)力(li)科技(ji)創新與(yu)數(shu)字化電源、電網、儲能協(xie)同創新取得新突破。2022年，在新能源領域，全球單機容量最大的16兆瓦海上風電機組“率先號”下線，揭陽神泉二海上風電項目全球商用最大單機容量11兆瓦風電機組實現并網發電。在新型儲能領域，世界首座非補燃壓縮空氣儲能電站——江蘇金壇鹽穴壓縮空氣儲能國家試驗示范項目投產。在(zai)電網領域，高端輸變電裝備、柔性直流輸電關鍵技術、電力系統分析與保護技術、新能源發電主動支撐技術、國產電力芯片技術、超導輸電技術等領域取得系列重大創新成果；我國自主研發生產的(de)世(shi)界最大規模(mo)的(de)新能源(yuan)分布式調相機群——青豫直流特高(gao)壓工程(cheng)一期配套(tao)電源(yuan)點21臺50兆乏分布式調相機項(xiang)目全部(bu)并(bing)網投(tou)運。2022年，電力行業獲得中國專利獎金獎6項，電力創新獎（技術類）174項，獲得電力科學技術獎139項。電力數字化(hua)發展持續推進。2022年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)行業(ye)加(jia)快數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)轉型(xing)，加(jia)強數(shu)(shu)字基礎設施建設，實施關(guan)鍵核心(xin)數(shu)(shu)字技術攻關(guan)，推動(dong)電(dian)力(li)信息技術創新應用，激活(huo)數(shu)(shu)據要(yao)素(su)潛能(neng)，加(jia)快推進(jin)數(shu)(shu)字技術與電(dian)力(li)全業(ye)務(wu)、各環節(jie)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)合。2022年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)行業(ye)主要(yao)電(dian)力(li)企業(ye)數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)投入為373.3億元，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長22.3%。電(dian)力(li)數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)領域的專利(li)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)、軟件著作數(shu)(shu)量(liang)、獲(huo)獎數(shu)(shu)分別為2872項、38794項、4971項。全國統一電力市場體系建設取得重要進(jin)展。2022年，已(yi)基(ji)本(ben)建成(cheng)了(le)(le)“統一市(shi)場(chang)、協同(tong)運(yun)作”的(de)(de)電力(li)市(shi)場(chang)基(ji)本(ben)架構，形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)銜接省間、省內，覆蓋全國范(fan)圍、全類(lei)型周期(qi)、不同(tong)交(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)體系。中長期(qi)市(shi)場(chang)啟動連續(xu)運(yun)營，穩(wen)定市(shi)場(chang)預期(qi)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎作用得到有效(xiao)發揮，各(ge)(ge)省中長期(qi)交(jiao)(jiao)易電量同(tong)比持續(xu)增(zeng)長，占總交(jiao)(jiao)易電量的(de)(de)比重(zhong)維持在90%以上(shang)，成(cheng)交(jiao)(jiao)價格基(ji)本(ben)穩(wen)定在基(ji)準電價上(shang)浮8-20%之間；現(xian)(xian)(xian)貨市(shi)場(chang)建設穩(wen)步推進，首批(pi)8個電力(li)現(xian)(xian)(xian)貨試點(dian)均(jun)已(yi)啟動連續(xu)結算試運(yun)行(xing)，第二(er)批(pi)6個試點(dian)也陸續(xu)開展了(le)(le)模擬試運(yun)行(xing)，初步建立(li)反映實(shi)時電力(li)供(gong)需的(de)(de)價格機(ji)制；輔(fu)助(zhu)服(fu)務(wu)市(shi)場(chang)逐步完善，全國各(ge)(ge)電網區(qu)域實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)輔(fu)助(zhu)服(fu)務(wu)市(shi)場(chang)全覆蓋，普遍建設運(yun)行(xing)了(le)(le)區(qu)域內調峰(feng)輔(fu)助(zhu)服(fu)務(wu)市(shi)場(chang)，部分區(qu)域開展了(le)(le)區(qu)域備用輔(fu)助(zhu)服(fu)務(wu)市(shi)場(chang)。綠(lv)(lv)電交(jiao)(jiao)易需求穩(wen)步增(zeng)長，綠(lv)(lv)電交(jiao)(jiao)易規(gui)范(fan)有序(xu)開展。市場交(jiao)易電量占(zhan)全社會用電量比重60.8%，市場化程度進一步提高(gao)。2022年(nian)(nian)，煤電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)計(ji)劃全(quan)(quan)面放開，工(gong)商業用戶通過直接從市(shi)場(chang)(chang)購電(dian)或由(you)電(dian)網公司代理購電(dian)方式全(quan)(quan)部進入市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，帶(dai)動電(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)規模迅速擴大，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)各電(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心累計(ji)組(zu)織完成市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)量52543億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)39.0%，占全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用電(dian)量的60.8%，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)提高15.4個百分(fen)點。其(qi)中(zhong)，省(sheng)內市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)量合(he)計(ji)為42181億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)37.1%；省(sheng)間市(shi)場(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)量（中(zhong)長(chang)期和現貨）合(he)計(ji)為10362億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)47.5%；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)燃煤發電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)平均交(jiao)易(yi)價格(ge)達到0.449元/千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，較全(quan)(quan)國(guo)平均基(ji)準(zhun)電(dian)價上浮約18.3%。截至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)底，在電(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)機(ji)構注冊的市(shi)場(chang)(chang)主體(ti)數量61萬家(jia)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)30.6%。電力企業經營逐步恢復向好。截(jie)至2022年(nian)底，國家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)、南(nan)方電(dian)網(wang)和內蒙古電(dian)力三家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)企業資(zi)(zi)產(chan)總額(e)合計6.17萬(wan)億(yi)元，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長5.2%；中(zhong)國華(hua)能(neng)、中(zhong)國大(da)唐(tang)、中(zhong)國華(hua)電(dian)、國家(jia)能(neng)源集團(tuan)、國家(jia)電(dian)投五(wu)大(da)發(fa)電(dian)集團(tuan)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)總額(e)合計6.84萬(wan)億(yi)元，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長5.2%。2022年(nian)，三家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)企業主營業務收入合計4.39萬(wan)億(yi)元，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長19.2%，平均資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)率為(wei)56.5%，比上年(nian)降(jiang)低0.4個百分(fen)點；五(wu)大(da)發(fa)電(dian)集團(tuan)電(dian)力業務收入1.51萬(wan)億(yi)元，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長14.6%。煤電托底(di)保(bao)供延續行(xing)業性虧損。2022年(nian)，國(guo)際(ji)能源價(jia)格高(gao)位波(bo)動，疊加(jia)國(guo)內(nei)煤炭(tan)消費需求反彈，帶動國(guo)內(nei)電煤價(jia)格整體走(zou)高(gao)。根據CECI沿海指數統(tong)計，2022年(nian)，5500大(da)(da)卡現貨成交價(jia)平均為1256元(yuan)/噸，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)上(shang)(shang)漲249元(yuan)/噸；5500大(da)(da)卡綜合價(jia)平均為883元(yuan)/噸，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)上(shang)(shang)漲24元(yuan)/噸。煤電企業(ye)(ye)經(jing)營持續承壓，五大(da)(da)發電集團全年(nian)火電業(ye)(ye)務經(jing)營總(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損(sun)803億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，其中煤電業(ye)(ye)務經(jing)營總(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損(sun)898億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)；其他14家大(da)(da)型(xing)發電企業(ye)(ye)全年(nian)火電業(ye)(ye)務經(jing)營總(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損(sun)130億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，其中煤電業(ye)(ye)務經(jing)營總(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損(sun)153億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。電(dian)力境外投資低碳化態勢清(qing)晰顯現。截至2022年底，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)主要電(dian)(dian)力企業對(dui)外直(zhi)接投資項(xiang)目共24個(ge)，投資總金額33.81億美元，同(tong)比下降51.4%。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)主要電(dian)(dian)力企業對(dui)外投資主要涉及太陽能發電(dian)(dian)、風電(dian)(dian)、水電(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)、礦產資源(yuan)(yuan)、交通基(ji)礎設施(shi)等(deng)領域(yu)。從項(xiang)目數量看(kan)，新能源(yuan)(yuan)是對(dui)外投資項(xiang)目數量最多的領域(yu)，占(zhan)比約58%，其(qi)中(zhong)太陽能發電(dian)(dian)占(zhan)比33%，風電(dian)(dian)占(zhan)比25%。電力境外工程承包新簽合同額平穩增長。2022年(nian)，中國(guo)主要電(dian)力企(qi)業年(nian)度新簽(qian)訂境(jing)外工(gong)程(cheng)承包合(he)同項(xiang)目191個，合(he)同金(jin)額(e)327.71億美元，比上年(nian)增長5.1%。新簽(qian)境(jing)外工(gong)程(cheng)承包項(xiang)目涉及58個國(guo)家和地區(qu)，主要分布在亞洲和非洲，項(xiang)目占比分別為49%和26%。截至2022年(nian)底，中國(guo)主要電(dian)力企(qi)業對外工(gong)程(cheng)承包合(he)同額(e)3759.71億美元。我國在電力國際標準(zhun)化(hua)領域的影(ying)響力不斷提升(sheng)。2022年，亞太電(dian)協(xie)和(he)瀾湄(mei)區(qu)域等國際區(qu)域標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)實(shi)踐持(chi)續推(tui)進，中日(ri)、中德(de)無線充電(dian)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準與技術(shu)、電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準交流順利開展。在國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準制定方面，發布了《電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)信息交換 第2部分(fen)：用例》（IEC 63119-2）《柔性直(zhi)流輸電(dian)系統(tong)特性 第1部分(fen)：穩態(tai)條(tiao)件》（IEC TR 63363-1）等11項IEC國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準,成功立項電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)ChaoJi直(zhi)流充電(dian)接口、電(dian)力(li)機(ji)器人術(shu)語等17項IEC國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準。十、電力(li)發展(zhan)展(zhan)望(wang)2023年(nian)全國電力(li)供需總體緊平衡。在宏觀經濟運行總體向好的同時，消費需求拉動工業及服務業的回升，以及在電能替代以及終端用能電氣化方面各種政策的推動下，預計全年全社會用電量增速在6%左右。預計(ji)2023年全國電(dian)力供需總(zong)體(ti)緊(jin)平衡，部分區域(yu)部分時段電(dian)力供需偏緊(jin)。終(zhong)端用(yong)能電氣化水平(ping)持(chi)續提升。到2030年，伴隨著工業、建筑、交通等終端(duan)用能部門電(dian)能替代(dai)不(bu)斷加強(qiang)，我國電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)進程(cheng)將由目前的電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)中期成(cheng)長階段，進入電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)中期轉型(xing)階段，帶(dai)動電(dian)能占(zhan)終端(duan)能源消(xiao)費比重達到35%左右(you)。電(dian)力綠色(se)低(di)碳轉型步伐加(jia)快(kuai)。到(dao)2030年，經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型取得顯著成(cheng)效，電(dian)力綠色供應水平進一步(bu)提升，非化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)裝機占比達到(dao)60%左右，非化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)量占比接近(jin)50%，非化石(shi)發電(dian)量增量占全社會用電(dian)量增量比重(zhong)達到(dao)90%左右。電(dian)力系統(tong)調節(jie)能力需求逐步攀升。隨著新能源占(zhan)(zhan)比逐漸(jian)提(ti)高，煤電逐步(bu)向基礎(chu)保障(zhang)性(xing)和(he)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)調節性(xing)電源轉型(xing)，電源多元化(hua)(hua)發展是電力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)安(an)全運行(xing)的(de)(de)可靠(kao)保障(zhang)。預計碳中和(he)階段，水電、火電、核電等同步(bu)機組容量占(zhan)(zhan)最大(da)負荷的(de)(de)80%以上，其(qi)中化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能源發電作為(wei)基礎(chu)保障(zhang)性(xing)和(he)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)調節性(xing)電源，裝機容量7～8億千瓦，提(ti)供支撐保障(zhang)。未來電力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)將呈現多種新型(xing)技術形(xing)態(tai)并(bing)存的(de)(de)格局，大(da)電網將長期作為(wei)我(wo)國電網的(de)(de)基本(ben)形(xing)態(tai)，分(fen)布(bu)式微網將成(cheng)為(wei)有效補充。同時，新能源大(da)規模發展需要高度重視系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)成(cheng)本(ben)上升問(wen)題，加快健全完(wan)善體現火電容量價值和(he)新能源綠色價值的(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)疏(shu)導政策(ce)體系(xi)(xi)。
